Moaaz Manzoor

Pakistan has recorded a further decline in fertility levels, with the total fertility rate falling to 3.6 births per woman, down from 3.7 in the previous survey period, reflecting expanded access to family planning services and growing awareness of reproductive health, according to the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) 2024-25.

The survey shows that the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) increased to 38 percent, up from 34 percent in 2018–19, indicating wider use of modern and traditional family planning methods among married women of reproductive age. The rise in contraceptive use has contributed directly to the observed reduction in fertility levels nationwide.

Provincial data reveal notable variations in family planning uptake. Punjab recorded the highest contraceptive prevalence at 43 percent, while Balochistan remained at the lower end with 22 percent, highlighting continued disparities in access to reproductive health services across regions. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions in underserved areas to improve access to family planning information and services.

The survey also reports progress in women’s reproductive autonomy. The proportion of women aged 15-49 who can make informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use, and reproductive healthcare increased to 56 percent, up from 53 percent in the previous survey. This improvement reflects growing awareness and empowerment among women in reproductive health decision-making.

In parallel, the adolescent birth rate declined to 48 births per 1,000 girls aged 15-19, down from 54 in the previous reporting period. The decline suggests improved access to reproductive health education and services for adolescents, contributing to better health outcomes for young women.

The HIES findings indicate that progress in family planning and reproductive health is closely linked to improvements in healthcare delivery, education, and awareness initiatives. Expanded access to maternal health services, increased outreach by health workers, and greater availability of contraceptives have collectively supported declining fertility trends.

Conducted as part of Pakistan’s national statistical system, the HIES 2024–25 provides a comprehensive assessment of demographic and health indicators. The data offer critical insights for policymakers seeking to strengthen population planning strategies and improve reproductive health outcomes across the country.

Credit: INP-WealthPk